VIJIGISHU '24

Thursday, 12 September 2024

INR | WESTERN EUROPE: Weekly updates

Germany Imposes Stricter Border Controls Amid Immigration Crackdown


1.Germany will introduce tighter controls at all land borders starting Sept. 16, lasting six months, to combat irregular migration and bolster security.


2. The move comes in response to public concerns, including recent deadly knife attacks involving asylum seekers, and aims to curb Islamist extremism.


3. The government’s action is seen as a bid to regain political ground from the far-right AfD, which won a state election in Thuringia, capitalizing on immigration fears.


4. These measures may strain European unity, especially as Germany looks to negotiate asylum seeker returns with other Schengen countries.


Read more at: https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germany-put-temporary-controls-all-land-borders-source-says-2024-09-09/



NATO Expands MEO Satellite Services with SES for Enhanced Global Communications

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | History, Structure ...

1. NATO awarded its first Medium-Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite services contract to SES, supporting naval, air, and ground communications for the U.S. and Luxembourg.


2. The MEO Global Services (MGS) program, established by the U.S. and Luxembourg in 2022, aims to share space capabilities among NATO members.


3. The program offers secure 10 Gbps O3b mPOWER capacity, with options for managed services and sovereign gateways, enhancing coalition operations.


4. SES plans to expand its O3b mPOWER constellation, with additional satellite launches scheduled through 2026 to boost mission-critical connectivity for NATO nations.


Read more at: https://www.satellitetoday.com/government-military/2024/09/11/nato-awards-ses-contract-for-meo-services-for-us-luxembourg/




Dutch Court Convicts Two Pakistanis for Assassination Threats Against Politician


1. Threats Against Geert Wilders: Two Pakistani nationals were convicted by the Netherlands' Court of The Hague for calling on the public to assassinate far-right politician Geert Wilders after he proposed a controversial cartoon competition in 2018.


2. Fatwa and Terrorist Intent: A 56-year-old religious leader issued a fatwa and incited murder with terrorist intent, receiving a 14-year prison sentence. The second defendant, a political leader, was sentenced to four years without proven terrorist intent.


3. International Impact: Despite the convictions, the men are unlikely to serve their sentences as they remain in Pakistan, which has no extradition treaty with the Netherlands.


4. Political Violence in Europe: This case is part of a larger trend of increasing political violence in Europe, with several attacks on political figures across the continent in recent months.


Read more at: https://www.jurist.org/news/2024/09/netherlands-court-convicts-two-pakistani-men-for-assassination-threats-with-terrorist-intent-against-politician/



Austria Tops List as World's Most Overcrowded Tourist Destination


Top 10 Places to Visit in Austria | Veena World1. High Tourist-to-Resident Ratio: Austria experiences overtourism with nearly four tourists for every resident, primarily concentrated in its capital, Vienna.



2. Tourism Boom in Vienna: Vienna saw a 31% rise in overnight stays between 2022 and 2023, nearing pre-pandemic tourism levels, with 17.3 million overnight visitors.



3. Overcrowding in Hallstatt: The picturesque town of Hallstatt, a UNESCO site, has struggled with mass tourism, drawing over a million visitors annually, leading to local protests and attempts to limit tourist numbers.



4. Efforts to Curb Overtourism: Measures like limiting tour buses in Hallstatt and blocking popular photo spots have been met with mixed reactions, highlighting the challenges of managing mass tourism.


Read more at: https://news.az/news/austria-tops-list-as-world-s-most-overcrowded-tourist-destination




France's New PM Faces Political Divide in Forming Government


1. Michel Barnier Named Prime Minister: President Emmanuel Macron appoints conservative Michel Barnier as France’s new Prime Minister.


2. Government Formation Next Week: Barnier is set to announce a new government next week amidst consultations with potential ministers.


3. Politically Divided Parliament: The French parliament is split between Macron's centrists, the left-wing NFP alliance, and the far-right National Rally.


4. Budget Deadline Adds Pressure: The October 1 deadline for the 2025 budget adds urgency to the process.


Read more at: https://www.google.com/amp/s/m.economictimes.com/news/international/world-news/frances-new-pm-michel-barnier-to-form-government-next-week/amp_articleshow/113261935.cms


Belgium is perplexed and angry that Germany is reintroducing border controls


Those who regularly cross Germany's nine land borders are mixed in their feelings about the country's plan to impose controls there for the next six months.


The regulations that were announced on Monday will be in effect at the crossings with Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Denmark from September 16 until March 15, 2019.


The nation is essentially returning to the period of border controls in Europe, given that the Austrian border has been under control since May, as have the borders with Switzerland, Poland, and the Czech Republic since June, and the French border since July.


Read more: https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/09/11/belgian-discontent-as-germany-brings-in-border-controls 




Over an EU fine, Hungary threatens to send migrants to Belgium via bus


In reaction to a sentence of more than $220 million levied by the European Court of Justice, Hungary is intensifying its dispute with the EU by threatening to transport refugees to Brussels.


Hungary was penalized after the court determined that it had broken EU asylum laws. Prime Minister Viktor Orban has pledged to send undocumented migrants straight to Belgium in protest. Protesting leaders in Belgium denounced the idea as outrageous, and officials threatened to stop the buses at the border.


The impasse puts strain on European unity by highlighting deeper differences over immigration policy and the rule of law. Check out our video to learn more.


Read more: https://www.firstpost.com/web-show/firstpost-america/hungary-threatens-to-send-migrants-to-belgium-on-a-bus-over-an-eu-fine--vd506234/ 


When diplomats visit Kiev, the US and the UK promise to provide Ukraine with over $1.5 billion in aid


During a visit to Kyiv by its senior diplomats on Wednesday, the United States and Britain committed roughly $1.5 billion in extra aid to Ukraine, while Ukrainian officials reiterated their requests to employ missiles supplied by the West against targets located further within Russia.


More than $700 million in humanitarian relief was announced by U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken, while British Foreign Secretary David Lammy affirmed that his nation would contribute an additional $782 million in loan guarantees and support. The majority of the work was focused on supporting Russia's energy infrastructure in anticipation of a challenging winter.




Churchill picture found in Italy that was taken in Canada



After going stolen from an Ottawa hotel and being replaced with a replica, an original print of a well-known Winston Churchill portrait was discovered in Italy.


Photographed by Yousuf Karsh in 1941, "The Roaring Lion" was captured soon after Churchill addressed Canada's parliament about the war.


The image was discovered on Wednesday in the possession of a private buyer in Genoa, Italy, who was not aware that it had been reported stolen, according to Ottawa police.


Read more: https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd0511gyme3o



European Union to reevaluate tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles

Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez visits China

The European Union should reevaluate proposed import taxes on electric vehicles built in China, according to Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez, who also encouraged Beijing and Brussels to reach a settlement to prevent a trade war.


Sanchez's remarks while on a visit to China indicate a shift in strategy from Spain, which has up to now backed the tariffs, while also expressing worry about the possible effects on Spanish industry of any spillover from the EU-China trade war.


Read more: https://www.reuters.com/world/spanish-prime-minister-says-we-dont-need-another-trade-war-2024-09-11/



News Bits collected by [Region Head]: 

Poulina Banerjee (BA IR 3rd year)

Uttam Roy (BA IR 3rd year)

Published By: Varsha Das (BA IR, 3rd year)





















INR | EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA: Weekly Updates

 

Hungary's Prime Minister Stresses Anti-Migrant Stance, Faces EU Backlash


  • Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán reiterated his strong anti-immigrant views, claiming migration threatens the European Union's cohesion, while advocating for countries like Hungary to opt out of the EU's common migration policy.

  • Hungary plans to offer asylum seekers free one-way transport to Brussels, a response to the EU’s demands for compliance with asylum rules. This proposal follows the European Court of Justice fining Hungary €200 million for violating EU asylum laws.

  • Hungary’s government, facing EU criticism and frozen funds, intends to challenge the fines and demands compensation for border security expenses, while also missing the first deadline to pay the imposed fine.

Read more:

https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/09/06/we-never-let-them-in-hungarys-pm-viktor-orban-demands-new-laws-tackling-migration



Romania and Bulgaria Make Partial Entry into Schengen Zone 


  • Romania and Bulgaria have partially joined the Schengen Area, allowing free air and sea travel, while land border checks remain due to opposition from Austria over illegal migration concerns.

  • EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen praised the development as a "historic moment," with Romanian and Bulgarian leaders hoping for full accession by the end of 2024, benefiting travel and boosting economic growth.

  • Both countries have met Schengen criteria, but unanimous support from EU members is required for full integration, with additional security measures introduced to combat illegal migration.

Read more:

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/travel-news/romania-and-bulgaria-are-the-newest-entrants-to-europes-schengen-travel-zone/amp_articleshow/108936357.cms



Uzbekistan to Process Afghan Crude Amid Energy Challenges


  • Uzbekistan's oil refiner Saneg has reached a deal to process Afghan crude at its Fergana refinery, with initial shipments already dispatched from Afghanistan's Hairatan terminal. The processed crude, with high sulphur content, will mainly produce diesel for the Uzbek market.

  • Afghanistan, under Taliban rule, is working to boost crude oil production to address chronic fuel shortages, despite lacking adequate processing capabilities. The country has long relied on fuel imports from Turkmenistan, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia.

  • The deal marks the first time Afghan crude will be processed outside the country, potentially opening the door for exports of refined products back to Afghanistan to alleviate its ongoing energy crisis.

Read more:

https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/market-insights/latest-news/oil/090924-uzbekistan-starts-processing-afghan-crude-as-taliban-attempt-oil-revival



Kazakhstan Faces Decision on Kashagan Oilfield Maintenance


  • A decision on whether to delay maintenance at Kazakhstan’s Kashagan oil field, operated by the NCOC consortium and its partners including CNPC, Eni, ExxonMobil, Shell, and TotalEnergies, is expected on September 10, 2024. The planned shutdown is currently set for October, with a 28-day maintenance period.

  • Kazakhstan is considering postponing the maintenance due to its recent overproduction of oil, which requires compensation under its OPEC+ obligations, though no final decision has been made.

  • The Kazakh Energy Ministry reaffirmed its commitment to the OPEC+ agreement and has updated its compensation plan to address the overproduction from January to June 2024, ensuring compliance with its obligations.

Read more:

https://www.oilfieldtechnology.com/drilling-and-production/10092024/maintenance-delay-requested-on-kazakhstan-giant-oil-field/amp/



Road Safety Concerns Rise Across Europe in 2024


  • Portugal saw a 3.8% increase in road crashes during the first five months of 2024, totaling 14,045 incidents. While road deaths dropped slightly to 179, serious injuries spiked to 954, with collisions being the most frequent type of crash.

  • Norway, the Czech Republic, and Bulgaria reported worrying road fatality trends. Norway had 67 road deaths in 2024 so far, the Czech Republic experienced 89 deaths over the summer, and Bulgaria recorded 294 fatalities by the end of August, despite a drop compared to 2023.

  • Denmark raised concerns about driver behaviour in work zones, with 377 crashes in road work areas in 2023, emphasising the need for adherence to speed limits even when personnel are not present.

Read more:

https://www.worldhighways.com/wh11/news/road-safety-concern-portugal-norway-czech-republic-bulgaria



Alcomet Launches €70 Million Plant Expansion in Shumen


  • Bulgarian aluminium producer Alcomet has begun a €70 million plant expansion in Shumen to produce new aluminium alloys for electric car batteries and expand offerings for the automotive and solar sectors, creating 160 new jobs.

  • The expansion is part of a three-year investment plan, including upgrades to its roller unit, a second foundry, new presses, and a high-tech coil casting line to improve processing efficiency and product quality.

  • Alcomet shares last traded at 6.50 levs on the Bulgarian Stock Exchange on September 5, 2024.

Read more:

https://seenews.com/news/bulgarias-alcomet-launches-70-mln-euro-plant-expansion-1263250


News bits collected and drafted by

Deepanjali Singh (BA IR 3rd year) (Region Head)

Angel Chindalia (MA IR 2nd year)

Published by: Varsha Das (BA IR 3rd year)



Lankan Crisis: Jingoism to Jeopardy?

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